School of Interdisciplinary & Applied Sciences

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Abiotic stress tolerance and antifungal activities of rhizobacteria for the management of soil-borne pathogens
(14-05) Poria, V; Jhilta, P; Kumar, S; Kumar, P
Cotton production is negatively affected by both biotic (diseases and insects) and abiotic (high temperature, salinity, water deficit, and extreme pH) factors. Soil-borne diseases, especially wilts and rots, significantly reduce cotton yield. Thus, we aimed to isolate and identify multi-stress tolerant bacterial antagonistic agents (AGAs) against two major soil-borne pathogens, Macrophomina phaseolina and Fusarium oxysporum. A total of 132 isolates with distinct morphologies were recovered from 25 different rhizospheric soil samples of cotton. A dual culture plate and broth assay confirmed the antagonistic activity of the isolates against these phytopathogens. Four selected AGAs thrived in salt stress induced by different NaCl concentrations, up to 1.71 M, except for isolate 62, which survived up to 0.85 M. Under osmotic stress, all the AGAs were tolerant of up to − 1.03 MPa. Similarly, all the AGAs were able to survive over a temperature range of 20–50 ◦C except for isolate 62, which survived up to 45 ◦C and was regarded as thermotolerant. All four AGAs were able to grow at pH values ranging from 5 to 9. AGA 18 and S46-7 survived under highly acidic conditions (pH 4). These multi-stress tolerant AGAs also exhibited different plant growth-promoting activities, such as mineral solubilization, ACC-deaminase production, and IAA production. Molecular identification revealed the following AGAs: Bacillus siamensis SSVP1 (18), Bacillus halotolerans SSVP2 (34), Pseudomonas aeruginosa SSVP3 (62), and Bacillus tequilensis SSVP4 (S46-7). AGAs with multiple stress tolerance traits can serve as potential biocontrol agents in the field to reduce pesticide consumption in cotton-growing areas.
Albomycin Uptake via a Ferric Hydroxamate Transport System of Streptococcus pneumoniae R6
(JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY, 2006-06) Pramanik, Avijit
Use of libqual+® technique to measure the expectations and perception among the patrons of NKC library: A case study
(Journal of Library, Information and Communication Technology, 2012) Hulagabali, Santosh C.; Dalvi, Madhukar
The paper discovers and analyses the users’ expectations and perception about the library and its services. The case study on the Library of Nagindas Khandwala College, Mumbai and its users has been made. The LibQUAL+® technique has been applied to reach the objectives of the study. The study helps the above said library in understanding the users’ expectations and perception about its services, thus giving an opportunity to bring necessary changes. The paper may also help the fellow library professions to undertake similar survey in their libraries to bridge the gap between their users’ expectations and perception. The results of the study show that there is a gap in patrons’ perception of quality of library services against their expectations.
Understanding the online presence of voluntary libraries of mumbai and thane district: A case study
(2014) Hulagabali, Santosh C.
Voluntary libraries (VLs) that influenced the existence of formal libraries are functioning across the world since time immemorial. The VLs, which aim to spread book culture, are established and run by individuals or social groups. The formal libraries that are popularly known as ‘public libraries’ are supported by government bodies. But VLs are,voluntary initiatives, working behind the screen where there is no access to public libraries or even where the public library system is well in place. But the literature review of the study revealed that there is hardly any literature directly discussing the status and contributions of VLs. Therefore,any study on the VLs, which fall into unorganized or voluntary sector, would boost thepopularity of these libraries and also the volunteers/voluntary groups associated with them. In an attempt to identify their popularity(online), this paper explores the online presence of VLs particularly of Mumbai and Thane district. The motive to find this phenomenon is indirectly associated with functioning of the VLs,their preparedness in embracing technology, technology supported library services etc. The study found that the VLs need to do a lot to project their presence online as only six VLs have their official websites out of 26 VLs, in Mumbai and Thane district, surveyed for the study. The trend is quite challenging and also positiveassome libraries are operating online with an exceptional approach towards their patrons.
Bulding national archive of conference abstracts: A piolt study on indian conference-abstracting database
(International Journal of Information Resources and Knowledge Management, 2014) Hulagabali, Santosh C.
Indian Conference Abstracting Database (ICon-AD) is a growing database of abstracts of papers presented at conferences held in India. The ICon-AD was conceived keeping the status of Indian conferences and publication trends in mind. It is observed that not all conference organisers publish the conference proceedings during the conference or post-conference. But publishing conference papers holds importance because conferences always focus on the ongoing or futuristic trends of a particular domain. In this view, the ICon-AD was launched as to bring the abstracts of each paper presented at conferences on one platform. It aims to archive all the abstracts of the papers received from the conference organisers. The beta version of the project launched in January, 2014, has archived 1220 abstracts of 1597 authors. The pilot study on the project highlights processes related to archival and dissemination of conference abstracts, facts, figures, utilities, processes involved and limitations and opportunities for ICon-AD.
Automation and networking of academic staff colleges: A proposal to university grants commission
(University News, 2014) Hulagabali, Santosh C.
Anaerobic degradation of tannins in Acacia nilotica pods by Enterococcus faecalis in co-culture with ruminal microbiota
(Applied Microbiology, Molecular and Cellular Biosciences Research Foundation, 2015) Beniwal, Vikash
Institutional repositories initiated by indian institutes of technology and indian institutes of management: A case study
(Journal of Library & Information Technology, 2015) Hulagabali, Santosh C.
The contribution of Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) and Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs) has immensely helped flourish the Indian socio-economic and cultural sectors. The credit goes to the quality of teaching and research pursuits of faculty, curriculum, facilities, scope for research and publication activities, etc., at IITs and IIMs. The IITs and IIMs are active in producing scholarly literature in the form of research projects, research papers, in-house publications etc. But such intellectual literature/output is not fully available in public domain though they are public-funded establishments. Identifying this gap, institutional repositories (IRs), the online platform for archiving and sharing of institutional intellectual-content, initiated by the IITs and IIMs were explored. The findings of the study show that out of 16 IITs, 8 IITs have initiated IRs and of which 2 are accessible online and 7 on intranet. On the other hand, out of 13 IIMs, IRs of 3 IIMs are accessible online. The paper also highlights the number and type of documents archived, software platforms used for launching the IRs, accessibility and quality of links of the IRs
Institutional Repositories Initiated by Indian Institutes of Technology and Indian Institutes of Management: A Case Study
(DESIDOC, 2015-07) Hulagabali, Santosh C.
Mechanistic basis of antimicrobial actions of silver nanoparticles
(Frontiers in Microbiology, 2016) Dakal, Tikam Chand; Kumar, Anu; Majumdar, Rita.S; Yadav, Vinod
Pretreatment and enzymatic process modification strategies to improve efficiency of sugar production from sugarcane bagasse
(3 Biotech, 2016) Pal, Siddhartha; Joy, Shereena; Trimukhe, Kalpana D.; Kumbhar, Pramod S.; Varma, Anjani J.; Padmanabhan, Sasisanker
Pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis play a critical role in the economic production of sugars and fuels from lignocellulosic biomass. In this study, we evaluated diverse pilot-scale pretreatments and different post-pretreatment strategies for the production of fermentable sugars from sugarcane bagasse. For the pretreatment of bagasse at pilot-scale level, steam explosion without catalyst and combination of sulfuric and oxalic acids at low and high loadings were used. Subsequently, to enhance the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of the pretreated bagasse, three different post-pretreatment process schemes were investigated. In the first scheme (Scheme 1), enzymatic hydrolysis was conducted on the whole pretreated slurry, without treatments such as washing or solid–liquid separation. In the second scheme (Scheme 2), the pretreated slurry was first pressure filtered to yield a solid and liquid phase. Following filtration, the separated liquid phase was remixed with the solid wet cake to generate slurry, which was then subsequently used for enzymatic hydrolysis. In the third scheme (Scheme 3), the pretreated slurry was washed with more water and filtered to obtain a solid and liquid phase, in which only the former was subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis. A 10 % higher enzymatic conversion was obtained in Scheme 2 than Scheme 1, while Scheme 3 resulted in only a 5–7 % increase due to additional washing unit operation and solid–liquid separation. Dynamic light scattering experiments conducted on post-pretreated bagasse indicate decrease of particle size due to solid–liquid separation involving pressure filtration provided increased the yield of C6 sugars. It is anticipated that different process modification methods used in this study before the enzymatic hydrolysis step can make the overall cellulosic ethanol process effective and possibly cost effective.
Evaluation of bioactive secondary metabolites from endophytic fungus Pe stalotiopsis neglect a BAB-5510 isolated from leaves of Cupressus torulosa D.Don
(3 Biotech, 2016) Pramanik, Avijit
Six endophytic fungi were isolated from Cupressus torulosa D.Don and identified phenotypically and genotypically. The fungal cultures were further grown and the culture was extracted by two organic solvents methanol and ethyl acetate. The screening was carried out using the agar well diffusion method against human pathogen such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus. Isolated strain of Pestalotiopsis sp. was showing prominent antibacterial activity. The crude methanol and ethyl acetate extract of Pestalotiopsis sp. showed MIC of 6.25 mg/mL for S. typhimurium and S. aureus which showed its efficacy as a potent antimicrobial. The phytochemical screening revealed the existence of a diverse group of secondary metabolites in the crude extracts of the endophytic fungi that resembled those in the host plant extracts. On the basis of phenotypic characteristics and rDNA sequencing of the ITS region of the endophyte was identified as P. neglecta which turned out to be a promising source of bioactive compounds. There is little known about endophytes from C. torulosa D.Don. In this paper we studied in detail the identification of isolated endophytic fungi P. neglecta from C. torulosa D.Don and characterization of its active metabolite compounds. The partially purified second fraction (PPF) extracted from the fungal culture supernatant was subjected to gas chromatography followed by mass spectrometry which revealed the presence of many phytochemicals. These results indicate that endophytic fungi P. neglecta isolated from medicinal plants could be a potential source for bioactive compounds and may find potential use in pharmaceutical industry
Characterization of CLA-producing Butyrivibrio spp. reveals strain-specific variations
(3 Biotech, 2016) Kumar, Ashwani
Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA), a fatty acid with high nutraceutical value is produced in rumen by resident bacterial species, especially Butyrivibrio spp. The present study was undertaken to examine the diversity of indigenous Butyrivibrio spp. from rumen liquor of Indian ruminants. The isolates were screened for their CLA production capability at different level of linoleic acid (LA) (0, 200, 400, 600, 800 lg/ml) at different time intervals (0, 2, 4, 6, 12, and 24 h). A total of more than 300 anaerobic cultures were isolated and 31 of them were identified as Butyrivibrio spp. based on morphological, biochemical and molecular characterization. Further, molecular characterization revealed that a large portion (67.7 %) of isolated Butyrivibrio belonged to Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens (B. fibrisolvens) species which is considered to be the most active bacteria amongst the rumen bacteria populace in terms of CLA production. Bacterial isolate VIII (strain 4a) showed highest CLA production ability (140.77 lg/ml) when incubated at 200 lg/ml LA for 2 h, which is 240 % higher than the isolate XXVII, Butyrivibrio proteoclasticus (B. proteoclasticus) showing lowest CLA production (57.28 lg/ml) amongst the screened isolates. It was evident from the observations recorded during the course of experiments that CLA production ability is strain specific and thus did not follow a single pattern. CLA production also varied with time of incubation and concentration of free linoleic acid supplemented in the growth medium. The results of these findings put forward a strain that is high CLA producer and can be further exploited as an additive for enhancing meat and milk quality in ruminants
Improved production of tannase by Klebsiella pneumoniae using Indian gooseberry leaves under submerged fermentation using Taguchi approach
(Springer_AMB Express, 2016) Beniwal, Vikash
Vermiconversion of biogas plant slurry and parthenium weed mixture to manure
(International Journal of Recycling of Organic Wastein Agriculture, 2016) Yadav, Anoop; Grag, V.k
Purpose Parthenium hysterophorus is one among the most troublesome weeds at the global level. It is mainly controlled by chemical methods. The scientific community is in search of new but non-destructive approaches for its management. Vermicomposting is one among the promising technologies for the management of organic fraction of solid wastes. This study was undertaken to assess the vermicomposting of parthenium weed mixed with biogas plant slurry under laboratory conditions. Method Six different combinations of biogas plant slurry and parthenium were fed to worms in vermibins under controlled laboratory conditions for 60 days. Various physico-chemical parameters before and after vermicomposting were evaluated. Worm biomass production was also monitored periodically during the experimentation period. Results The EC, TCa and NPK content increased significantly after vermicomposting, accompanied by substantial reduction in organic carbon content. C: N ratio was reduced to less than 20. Heavy metals (Fe, Zn, Ni, Cu, Cr and Pb) concentration was higher in vermicompost than in initial waste mixtures. Parthenium weed addition to worm feed was not supportive to the worm growth and fecundity. It was inferred from the results that vermicomposting may be an efficient biological approach to convert partheniumspiked biogas plant slurry into nutrient-rich manure.
Microbial alkaline proteases: Optimization of production parameters and their properties
(Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 2017) Kumar, Ashwani
An efficient process for the transformation of betulin to betulinic acid by a strain of bacillus megaterium
(3 Biotech, 2017) Kumar, Dhirendra; Dubey, Kashyap Kumar
Betulinic acid as a derivative of betulin is widely reported for its anti-HIV and antitumor activities. Betulin has three most significant positions, i.e., primary hydroxyl group at position C-28, secondary hydroxyl group at position C-3, and alkene moiety at position C-20, where chemical modifications were performed to yield pharmacologically more active derivatives. Bioconversion optimization was performed for the enhancement in the percentage of conversion using statistical approach by opting temperature, pH and betulin concentration as independent variables. Three hundred fifty isolates were screened from natural sources under selective medium containing up to 3 g/l of betulin for their tolerance and bioconversion efficiency. Isolate KD235 was found to grow in 3 g/l betulin with 23.34 ± 0.57 g/l biomass and 0.67 ± 0.06 g/l betulinic acid production. New isolate KD235 was characterized by molecular analysis and named as Bacillus megaterium KD235. Molecular characterization of a potentially active isolate for the transformation of betulin to betulinic acid was suggested as isolate Bacillus megaterium KD235. Maximum bioconversion (22 ± 1.5%) was found at optimized conditions, i.e., pH 6.5, temperature 30 C and at 3 g/l betulin. Validations of experiments as*11% more bioconversion i.e., 1 ± 0.1 g/l betulinic acid were obtained using 5 l lab fermenter as compared to shake flask.
An Effective Design and Implementation of Hybrid MPP Tracking Scheme based on Linear Tangents & Neville Interpolation (LT-NI) Technique for Photovoltaic (PV) System
(2017) Bhukya, M; Kota, V
Solar power is free from environmental pollution and also offers economic benefits to the investors. In order to optimize at most solar power, tracking schemes are employed and traditional schemes from the family of perturbation suffer from slow response, due to specific step size disruption and oscillations around operating point. Therefore, this paper proposes an effective design and implementation of a hybrid Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) scheme based on Linear Tangents - Neville Interpolation (LT-NI) techniques. Two tangents are drawn on the P-V characteristics at 75% and 90% of open circuit voltage (VOC).The chosen two tangents intersect and gives rise to a third voltage (N) point. In continuation, the three voltage points (0.75VOC, N & 0.9VOC) are computed using Neville Interpolation. The performance of the proposed LT-NI scheme is compared with Perturb & Observe (P&O) and advanced Divide and Conquer (DC) algorithms.
Gut microbiota modulation and its relationship with obesity using prebioticfibers and probiotics: A review
(Frontiers in Microbiology, 2017) Dahiya, Dinesh k.; Renuka; Puniya, Monica; Shandilya, Umesh k.; Dhewa, Tejpal; Kumar, Nikhil; Kumar, Sanjeev; Puniya, Anil K.; Sukla, Pratyoosh
In the present world scenario, obesity has almost attained the level of a pandemic and is progressing at a rapid rate. This disease is the mother of all other metabolic disorders, which apart from placing an added financial burden on the concerned patient also has a negative impact on his/her well-being and health in the society. Among the various plausible factors for the development of obesity, the role of gut microbiota is very crucial. In general, the gut of an individual is inhabited by trillions of microbes that play a significant role in host energy homeostasis by their symbiotic interactions. Dysbiosis in gut microbiota causes disequilibrium in energy homeostasis that ultimately leads to obesity. Numerous mechanisms have been reported by which gut microbiota induces obesity in experimental models. However, which microbial community is directly linked to obesity is still unknown due to the complex nature of gut microbiota. Prebiotics and probiotics are the safer and effective dietary substances available, which can therapeutically alter the gut microbiota of the host. In this review, an effort was made to discuss the current mechanisms through which gut microbiota interacts with host energy metabolism in the context of obesity. Further, the therapeutic approaches (prebiotics/probiotics) that helped in positively altering the gut microbiota were discussed by taking experimental evidence from animal and human studies. In the closing statement, the challenges and future tasks within the field were discussed.
Predicting the functional consequences of non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms in IL8 gene
(Scientific Reports, 2017) Dakal, Tikam Chand; Kala, Deepak; Dhiman, Gourav; Yadav, Vinod; Krokhotin, Andrey
Here we report an in-silico approach for identification, characterization and validation of deleterious non-synonymous SNPs (nsSNPs) in the interleukin-8 gene using three steps. In first step, sequence homology-based genetic analysis of a set of 50 coding SNPs associated with 41 rsIDs using SIFT (Sorting Intolerant from Tolerant) and PROVEAN (Protein Variation Effect Analyzer) identified 23 nsSNPs to be putatively damaging/deleterious in at least one of the two tools used. Subsequently, structurehomology based PolyPhen-2 (Polymorphism Phenotyping) analysis predicted 9 of 23 nsSNPs (K4T, E31A, E31K, S41Y, I55N, P59L, P59S, L70P and V88D) to be damaging. According to the conditional hypothesis for the study, only nsSNPs that score damaging/deleterious prediction in both sequence and structural homology-based approach will be considered as ‘high-confidence’ nsSNPs. In step 2, based on conservation of amino acid residues, stability analysis, structural superimposition, RSMD and docking analysis, the possible structural-functional relationship was ascertained for high-confidence nsSNPs. Finally, in a separate analysis (step 3), the IL-8 deregulation has also appeared to be an important prognostic marker for detection of patients with gastric and lung cancer. This study, for the first time, provided in-depth insights on the effects of amino acid substitutions on IL-8 protein structure, function and disease association.

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