A Clinical Insight on New Discovered Molecules and Repurposed Drugs for the Treatment of COVID-19
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Date
2023-02
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Abstract
Abstract: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) began churning out incred ulous terror in December 2019. Within several months from its first detection in Wuhan, SARS-CoV-2
spread to the rest of the world through droplet infection, making it a pandemic situation and a
healthcare emergency across the globe. The available treatment of COVID-19 was only symptomatic
as the disease was new and no approved drug or vaccine was available. Another challenge with
COVID-19 was the continuous mutation of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Some repurposed drugs, such as
hydroxychloroquine, chloroquine, and remdesivir, received emergency use authorization in various
countries, but their clinical use is compromised with either severe and fatal adverse effects or non availability of sufficient clinical data. Molnupiravir was the first molecule approved for the treatment
of COVID-19, followed by Paxlovid™, monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), and others. New molecules
have variable therapeutic efficacy against different variants or strains of SARS-CoV-2, which require
further investigations. The aim of this review is to provide in-depth information on new molecules
and repurposed drugs with emphasis on their general description, mechanism of action (MOA),
correlates of protection, dose and dosage form, route of administration, clinical trials, regulatory
approval, and marketing authorizations.