Plumbagin Alleviates Intracerebroventricular-Quinolinic Acid Induced Depression-like Behavior and Memory Deficits in Wistar Rats
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Date
2022-03
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Abstract
Plumbagin, a hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, confers neuroprotection via antioxidant and
anti-inflammatory properties. The present study aimed to assess the effect of plumbagin on behavioral and memory deficits induced by intrahippocampal administration of Quinolinic acid (QA) in
male Wistar rats and reveal the associated mechanisms. QA (300 nM/4 L in Normal saline) was
administered i.c.v. in the hippocampus. QA administration caused depression-like behavior (forced
swim test and tail suspension tests), anxiety-like behavior (open field test and elevated plus maze),
and elevated anhedonia behavior (sucrose preference test). Furthermore, oxidative–nitrosative stress
(increased nitrite content and lipid peroxidation with reduction of GSH), inflammation (increased IL-1 ), cholinergic dysfunction, and mitochondrial complex (I, II, and IV) dysfunction were observed
in the hippocampus region of QA-treated rats as compared to normal controls. Plumbagin (10 and
20 mg/kg; p.o.) treatment for 21 days significantly ameliorated behavioral and memory deficits
in QA-administered rats. Moreover, plumbagin treatment restored the GSH level and reduced the
MDAandnitrite level in the hippocampus. Furthermore, QA-induced cholinergic dysfunction and
mitochondrial impairment were found to be ameliorated by plumbagin treatment. In conclusion, our
results suggested that plumbagin offers a neuroprotective potential that could serve as a promising
pharmacological approach to mitigate neurobehavioral changes associated with neurodegeneration.