Biomedical applications of metal oxide nanoparticles in aging and age‑associated diseases
Loading...
Date
2021-06
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Abstract
Metal oxide nanoparticles are known to exhibit unique properties such as catalyzing the neutralization of superoxide anions,
hydroxyl radicals, hydrogen peroxides and behave as antioxidant enzymes. Oxidative stress, damage and chronic inflam
mation are major causes and consequences of aging and age-associated disorders. With the increasing popularity of metal
oxide nanoparticles, they have been applied in various age-related pathologies using their antioxidant property. Metal oxide
nanoparticles have been used as diagnostic, therapeutic, and as theranostics. This review summarizes the applications of metal
oxide nanoparticles in aging and age-associated disorders such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer, neurodegenera
tive disorders. Oxidative stress plays a central role in the activation of inflammatory pathways, disturbing the mitochondrial
function, decreasing the telomere length and leading the cell towards senescence or death. Oxidative damage is the common
pathway in the progression of aging and related diseases. Metal oxide nanoparticles scavenge or precisely detect the gener
ated reactive oxygen species, hence applied in both diagnostics and therapeutics.