Asymmetric link between PPP investment and transport CO2 emissions in india: A QARDL perspective

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dc.contributor.authorKumar, Ashok
dc.date.accessioned2026-03-27T04:53:38Z
dc.date.available2026-03-27T04:53:38Z
dc.date.issued2026
dc.description.abstractThe transport sector is the third most polluting sector in India. So, transforming it into a more efficient and environmentally sustainable sector is essential., where Public Private Partnerships (PPPs) could play a crucial role. To address modifica tion at the policy level in India, the current study examined how transport carbon emissions are influenced by PPP investment along with urbanization, economic growth, FDI, trade openness and environmental technology innovations. The Quan tile Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (QARDL) has been used for the period 1998Q1-2022Q4. The key results highlights that PPP investment in long run is insignificant in most of the quantiles but significant and negative in the quantiles ranging from 0.6 to 0.9 in short run reflecting the impact of PPP investment in high er quantiles. The Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis has also been established in the data, whereas urbanization associated with the reduced transport sector emission in 0.2 to 0.9 quantiles. The study also found environmental technol ogy innovation associated with reduced transport emissions. Trade openness found insignificant in long run but significant and adverse effect on the environment in the short run. FDI have adverse effect on transport emission in the long run in all quantiles (0.1–0.9). Finally, policy proposals have been made for transport sector to reduce transport CO2 emissions in India.
dc.identifier.urihttp://cuh.ndl.gov.in/handle/123456789/1834
dc.language.isoen
dc.titleAsymmetric link between PPP investment and transport CO2 emissions in india: A QARDL perspective
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