Browsing by Author "Sharma, S"
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Item Concurrent exposure to light and traffic noise pollution augments behavioral deficits in rats: Protective effect of curcumin(2024-04) Sharma, S; Singh, J; Kumar, D; Arora, M; Jangra, AThe current study was aimed to explore the effect of light and traffic noise pollution exposure on behavioral and neurochemical deficits in adult male Wistar rats. We hypothesized that exposure to these pollutants alone or in combination may cause behavioral deficits in rats. Animals were allocated into different groups and were exposed to either varying light cycles (150 lx-5 lx, 14:10 h) or traffic noise with sound level 100 dBA for 6 h/day or both for 28 days. Concurrently, Curcumin (100 mg/kg; per oral; 28 days) was administered in varying light cycles and noise exposed animal groups to study the preventive effect. After the exposure time, the Morris water maze test, elevated plus maze test, novel object recognition test, locomotor activity test, and forced swimming test were conducted. The neurobehavioral results suggested that only combined exposure of light and noise pollution markedly impaired the learning as well as spatial and reference memory in rats. Furthermore, we found significant anxiety (less no. of open arm entries in EPM) and depressive-like behavior (increased immobility time) in light or/and traffic noise pollution exposed group animals in comparison to normal control groups. Curcumin treatment significantly prevented the behavioral anomalies in combined light and noise exposed rats. Furthermore, our results revealed augmentation of acetylcholinesterase, oxidative stress markers and interleukin (IL)-1β in the hippocampal region of noise and light-exposed groups which were markedly ameliorated by curcumin. In conclusion, our results suggest that curcumin significantly modulates light and noise pollution exposed behavioral and neurochemical anomalies in rats.Item Corrosion inhibition and adsorption mechanism of Morus nigra on mild steel in acidic medium: A sustainable and green approach(2021-12) Kumar, H; Sharma, S; Kumari, RMorus nigra (Mulberry leaves) was tested as a green inhibitor for mild steel (MS) in 0.5 M HCl by theoretical, surface study, and experimental techniques. The impedance, polarization, microscopy, Langmuir, and DFT (computational) techniques were used for the adsorption and corrosion inhibition study. The experimental and theoretical study supports each other results. Adsorption parameters were observed by Langmuir, Gaussian09W (DFT), and BIOVIA Materials Studio Softwares. The surface study was carried out by metallurgical microscopy technique. The theoretical study includes chemical potential, electron-donating power, chemical hardness, HOMO, LUMO, metal inhibitor interaction energy, adsorption energy, etc. UV-visible, NMR, and FTIR studies show that aspartic acid is the major constituent present in the mulberry leaves extract. A 91.62 % corrosion protection was provided by the Morus nigra at 1000 ppm. Polarization study proved mixed inhibition. The green inhibitor follows both physical and chemical modes of adsorption. The biochemical and chemical oxygen demand of unused acid left after the gravimetric study was found in an acceptable range.Item A critical review on techno-economic analysis of hybrid renewable energy resources-based microgrids(2023) Manas, M; Sharma, S; Reddy, K; Srivastava, ANow that the population is growing, the expenditure on basic needs of life is also increasing due to a lack of or less availability of resources. The economy con sumed electricity is reaching peaks as its main fuel, coal, is decreasing day by day. Due to this, 90% of the population who are in the middle class, lower middle class, or rural areas are economically poor and are unable to bear the prices. To overcome the fnancial problems, many researchers have prepared various types of microgrids that generate electricity from various types of fow resources, like hydro, solar, biogas, and air current power stations, whose system is called a compound fow power system. This paper gives a combined review of various research papers that discuss some case studies and some research on various models designed on software like HOMER Pro, how microgrids become economic barriers, optimal power supply solutions with CFPS, distributed and centralized microgrid components, the technical and economic feasibility of EV charging stations, and the analysis of various combina tions of power systems at various locations like Bangladesh, Canada, the Republic of Djibouti, China, Indonesia, Sierra Leone, some rural sites in India, and some devel oping countries. This overview provides a glimpse into the various aspects of CFPS, including fusion approaches, techno-economic analysis, simulation platforms, storage technologies, design specifcations, unit sizing methodologies, and control techniques. Further research and analysis in these areas are needed to explore their applications and advancements in CFPS development. The main reason for the study is to analyze and bring various ideas and models of various researchers together on a common platform and make a combined conceptual framework for further proceedings.Item Endometriosis and Depression: A Double Agony for Women(2023) Chandel, P; Maurya, P; Hussain, S; Vashistha, D; Sharma, SAbstract Background: Endometriosis is defined as a condition in which a formation of abnormal endometrial tissue outside the uterus takes place. Irrespective of any ethnic and socioeconomic class, the prevalence of the diseases has been seen among women of reproductive age. Endometriosis has been seen adversely affect the physical, psychological, social, and career of women. Summary: This paper aims to identify and describe the experiences and outcomes of endometriosis healthcare by reviewing the existing literature on social and psychological effects of endometriosis. The study serves the purpose of providing insights on women’s dual suffering (mental and social health) and critical comments on the present state of knowledge in order to make future recommendations for psycho-social research. The review included systematic search of the articles from various disciplines like, biology, psychology, sociology, anthropology, etc. A structured process of screening with specific inclusion and exclusion criteria was used to select the articles. The analysis of the articles resulted that woman diagnosed with endometriosis reported poor quality of life and the following symptoms such as anxiety, stress, Chronic Pelvic Pain (CPP), anxiety, dyspareunia, and dysmenorrhea. However, depression appears prominent among women diagnosed with endometriosis. There are few strategies mentioned that can be used to deal with endometriosis. Key Message: The most promising causes of endometriosis include abnormality in immune functioning, atypical endometriotic growth, genetics, epigenetic, embryogenetic theory, and endocrine disruptors. The ill effects have been noted in the following domains of women’s life such as work, close relationships, social well-being, and education, deteriorating their quality-of-life manifold. Psychological intervention is required to deal with the disorder as only medical treatment with pain may not be sufficient. Though, the condition can be improved by providing awareness regarding the severity of the disorder at the school and community levels.Item An Ensemble-based Supervised Machine Learning Framework for Android Ransomware Detection(2021-03) Sharma, S; Challa, R; Kunmar, RWith latest development in technology, the usage of smartphones to fulfill day-to-day requirements has been increased. The Android-based smartphones occupy the largest market share among other mobile operating systems. The hackers are continuously keeping an eye on Android-based smartphones by creating malicious apps housed with ransomware functionality for monetary purposes. Hackers lock the screen and/or encrypt the documents of the victim’s Android based smartphones after performing ransomware attacks. Thus, in this paper, a framework has been proposed in which we (1) utilize novel features of Android ransomware, (2) reduce the dimensionality of the features, (3) employ an ensemble learning model to detect Android ransomware, and (4) perform a comparative analysis to calculate the computational time required by machine learning models to detect Android ransomware. Our proposed framework can efficiently detect both locker and crypto ransomware. The experimental results reveal that the proposed framework detects Android ransomware by achieving an accuracy of 99.67% with Random Forest ensemble model. After reducing the dimensionality of the features with principal component analysis technique; the Logistic Regression model took least time to execute on the Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) and Central Processing Unit (CPU) in 41 milliseconds and 50 milliseconds respectively.Item Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) for Identifying SNPs and Genes Related to Phosphate-Induced Phenotypic Traits in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)(2024-02) Hakla, H; Sharma, S; Urfan, M; Mandlik, R; Kumawat, S; Rajput, PPhosphate (P) is a crucial macronutrient for normal plant growth and development. The P availability in soils is a limitation factor, and understanding genetic factors playing roles in plant adaptation for improving P uptake is of great biological importance. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have become indispensable tools in unraveling the genetic basis of complex traits in various plant species. In this study, a comprehensive GWAS was conducted on diverse tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) accessions grown under normal and low P conditions for two weeks. Plant traits such as shoot height, primary root length, plant biomass, shoot inorganic content (SiP), and root inorganic content (RiP) were measured. Among several models of GWAS tested, the Bayesian-information and linkage disequilibrium iteratively nested keyway (BLINK) models were used for the identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Among all the traits analyzed, significantly associated SNPs were recorded for PB, i.e., 1 SNP (SSL4.0CH10_49261145) under control P, SiP, i.e., 1 SNP (SSL4.0CH08_58433186) under control P and 1 SNP (SSL4.0CH08_51271168) under low P and RiP i.e., 2 SNPs (SSL4.0CH04_37267952 and SSL4.0CH09_4609062) under control P and 1 SNP (SSL4.0CH09_3930922) under low P condition. The identified SNPs served as genetic markers pinpointing regions of the tomato genome linked to P-responsive traits. The novel candidate genes associated with the identified SNPs were further analyzed for their protein-protein interactions using STRING. The study provided novel candidate genes, viz. Solyc10g050370 for PB under control, Solyc08g062490, and Solyc08g062500 for SiP and Solyc09g010450, Solyc09g010460, Solyc09g010690, and Solyc09g010710 for RiP under low P condition. These findings offer a glimpse into the genetic diversity of tomato accessions’ responses to P uptake, highlighting the potential for tailored breeding programs to develop P-efficient tomato varieties that could adapt to varying soil conditions, making them crucial for sustainable agriculture and addressing global challenges, such as soil depletion and food securityItem Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) for Identifying SNPs and Genes Related to Phosphate-Induced Phenotypic Traits in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)(2024-02) Hakla, H; Sharma, S; Urfan, M; Mandlik, RPhosphate (P) is a crucial macronutrient for normal plant growth and development. The P availability in soils is a limitation factor, and understanding genetic factors playing roles in plant adaptation for improving P uptake is of great biological importance. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have become indispensable tools in unraveling the genetic basis of complex traits in various plant species. In this study, a comprehensive GWAS was conducted on diverse tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) accessions grown under normal and low P conditions for two weeks. Plant traits such as shoot height, primary root length, plant biomass, shoot inorganic content (SiP), and root inorganic content (RiP) were measured. Among several models of GWAS tested, the Bayesian-information and linkage disequilibrium iteratively nested keyway (BLINK) models were used for the identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Among all the traits analyzed, significantly associated SNPs were recorded for PB, i.e., 1 SNP (SSL4.0CH10_49261145) under control P, SiP, i.e., 1 SNP (SSL4.0CH08_58433186) under control P and 1 SNP (SSL4.0CH08_51271168) under low P and RiP i.e., 2 SNPs (SSL4.0CH04_37267952 and SSL4.0CH09_4609062) under control P and 1 SNP (SSL4.0CH09_3930922) under low P condition. The identified SNPs served as genetic markers pinpointing regions of the tomato genome linked to P-responsive traits. The novel candidate genes associated with the identified SNPs were further analyzed for their protein-protein interactions using STRING. The study provided novel candidate genes, viz. Solyc10g050370 for PB under control, Solyc08g062490, and Solyc08g062500 for SiP and Solyc09g010450, Solyc09g010460, Solyc09g010690, and Solyc09g010710 for RiP under low P condition. These findings offer a glimpse into the genetic diversity of tomato accessions’ responses to P uptake, highlighting the potential for tailored breeding programs to develop P-efficient tomato varieties that could adapt to varying soil conditions, making them crucial for sustainable agriculture and addressing global challenges, such as soil depletion and food security.Item Integrated analysis of transcriptomic and small RNA sequencing data provides miRNA candidates for engineering agronomically important seed traits in Brassica juncea(2023-11) Jain, R; Dhaka, N; Yadav, P; Sharma, MK; Danish, MD; Sharma, S; Kumari, SBrassica juncea L. is an important oilseed crop that yields edible oil and biofuel. Improving B. juncea seed traits is a primary breeding target, but these traits are genetically complex. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate seed devel opment by modulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional or translational level and are excellent can didates for improving seed traits. However, the roles of miRNAs in B. juncea seed development are yet to be investigated. Here, we report small RNA profiling and miRNA identification from developing seeds of two contrasting varieties of B. juncea, Early Heera2 (EH2) and Pusa Jaikisan (PJK). We identified 326 miRNAs, including 127 known and 199 novel miRNAs, of which 103 exhibited inter-varietal differential expression. Integrating miRNAome and our previous transcriptome data identified 13,683 putative miRNA-target modules. Segregation of differentially expressed miRNAs into different groups based on variety-wise upregulation, fol lowed by comprehensive functional analysis of targets using pathway mapping, gene ontology, transcription factor mapping, and candidate gene analysis, revealed at least 11, 6, and 7 miRNAs as robust candidates for the regulation of seed size, seed coat color, and oil content, respectively. Further, co-localization with previously reported quantitative trait loci (QTL) proffered 29 and 15 miRNAs overlapping with seed weight and oil content QTLs, respectively. Our study is the first comprehensive report of miRNAome expression dynamics from developing seeds and provides candidate miRNAs and target genes for engineering seed traits in B. juncea.Item Modelling of Multi‑Phase Interleaved based Universal Charging Port for Electric V(2024-02) Amoriya, V; Chauhan, R; Mittal, S; Sharma, S; Chauhan, K; Li, HThis paper presents the evolution of a multi-phase interleaved universal charging port to interconnect electric vehicles with the grid. The proposed charger facilitates users to charge their electric vehicles in any one of four modes: slow, medium, fast, and ultra-fast, optimizing the charging time and electricity bill. It can operate in manual as well as automatic mode. In manual mode, it charges the vehicle at a fxed rate, while in automatic mode, it automatically adjusts the charging rates based on the stress level of the grid. The proposed design ofers economic gains to utility companies and electric vehicle users by allowing them to vary the charging rate during peak and of-peak hours. By charging during of-peak hours, users can take advantage of lower electricity rates and reduce their overall energy costs. Additionally, this design provides ancillary services to utility companies by allowing them to vary the charging rates of electric vehicles during peak hours. The performance of the proposed charger with the control algorithm is verifed by simulation on MATLAB Simulink.Item Modelling of Multi‑Phase Interleaved based Universal Charging Port for Electric Vehicles(2024-02) Amoriya, V; Chauhan, RK; Mittal, S; Sharma, S; Chauhan, KThis paper presents the evolution of a multi-phase interleaved universal charging port to interconnect electric vehicles with the grid. The proposed charger facilitates users to charge their electric vehicles in any one of four modes: slow, medium, fast, and ultra-fast, optimizing the charging time and electricity bill. It can operate in manual as well as automatic mode. In manual mode, it charges the vehicle at a fxed rate, while in automatic mode, it automatically adjusts the charging rates based on the stress level of the grid. The proposed design ofers economic gains to utility companies and electric vehicle users by allowing them to vary the charging rate during peak and of-peak hours. By charging during of-peak hours, users can take advantage of lower electricity rates and reduce their overall energy costs. Additionally, this design provides ancillary services to utility companies by allowing them to vary the charging rates of electric vehicles during peak hours. The performance of the proposed charger with the control algorithm is verifed by simulation on MATLAB Simulink.Item New Genomic Regions Identified for Resistance to Spot Blotch and Terminal Heat Stress in an Interspecific Population of Triticum aestivum and T. spelta(2022-11) Navathe, S; Pandey, A; Sharma, S; Chand, R; Mishra, V; Kumar, DWheat is one of the most widely grown and consumed food crops in the world. Spot blotch and terminal heat stress are the two significant constraints mainly in the Indo–Gangetic plains of South Asia. The study was undertaken using 185 recombinant lines (RILs) derived from the interspecific hybridization of ‘Triticum aestivum (HUW234) T. spelta (H+26)’ to reveal genomic regions associated with tolerance to combined stress to spot blotch and terminal heat. Different physiological (NDVI, canopy temperature, leaf chlorophyll) and grain traits (TGW, grain size) were observed under stressed (spot blotch, terminal heat) and non-stressed environments. The mean maturity duration of RILs under combined stress was reduced by 12 days, whereas the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was 46.03%. Similarly, the grain size was depleted under combined stress by 32.23% and thousand kernel weight (TKW) by 27.56% due to spot blotch and terminal heat stress, respectively. The genetic analysis using 6734 SNP markers identified 37 significant loci for the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) and NDVI. The genome-wide functional annotation of the SNP markers revealed gene functions such as plant chitinases, NB-ARC and NBS-LRR, and the peroxidase superfamily Cytochrome P450 have a positive role in the resistance through a hypersensitive response. Zinc finger domains, cysteine protease coding gene, F-box protein, ubiquitin, and associated proteins, play a substantial role in the combined stress of spot blotch and terminal heat in bread wheat, according to genomic domains ascribed to them. The study also highlights T. speltoides as a source of resistance to spot blotch and terminal heat tolerance.